Differences in physiology between men and women extend far beyond differences in reproductive functions. Medical literature abounds in descriptions of differences in prevalence, symptoms and severity of diseases between men and women including heart attack, rheumatic diseases, gastrointestinal disease and osteoporosis. Much of the information is descriptive rather than mechanistic and scattered throughout a variety of books, review articles and original papers. This book provides a single source that summarizes current basic mechanisms of gene/hormone interactions and their subsequent impact on physiological functions. It is an ideal source material to be used in training the next generation of physician/scientists who will develop a more individualized approach to prevention, diagnosis and therapeutic medical practice.