Helps engineers optimize both structural reliability and economy by presenting both traditional allowable stress design concepts and newer, statistically-based load and resistance factor methodologies. This book provides a systematic study of bridge substructure and foundation elements, presents explicit methods of analysis, design and detailing, and offers case studies. It helps engineers understand the structural consequences of settlement and movement, evaluate alternatives to deep foundation systems, and presents solutions for designing piers for segmental bridges. It reflects the distinct evolution in bridge design concepts, theories and analysis methods that has recently taken place. Federal, state and municipal bridge engineers, consulting engineers designing transportation structures, public works contractors, structural and geotechnical engineers, transportation engineers, public works administrators, researchers, faculty and graduate students.