These two essays were originally written in German, along with twenty others on similar topics, in 1994, by the author and then translated by him into English in 2018. They contain much fundamental thought that is explored and expanded in other, longer essays. At times the reader may do well to keep in mind that creative thought is not as readily translated as, say, a story or a novel, because in the case of the former the language itself is depended upon to supply its store of vernacular truth, as during the creation of such research essays, which are more like artworks than like conceptual constructs