This book describes the results of investigations into the production of musical sounds. Addressed to readers with a reasonable grasp of physics who are not put off by a little mathematics, it discusses most of the traditional instruments currently in use in Western music. This second edition has been thoroughly revised to take into account the insights arising from recent research, and to generalize or clarify the presentation in many places. The book should continue to serve as a guide for all who have an interest in music and how it is produces as well as serving as a comprehensive reference for those undertaking research in the field.