Population Neuroimaging covers important themes within population neuroimaging and provides the reader with the tools to understand and engage in population-based neuroimaging studies. This emerging field empowers readers to understand brain structure, function, development, and aging within the general population, including the inherent variety and diversity of health or illness within the population. Unlike studies that recruit patients with specific illnesses, population neuroimaging encompasses epidemiological approaches to better understand genetic and environmental factors that contribute to both brain health and brain disorders in the population at large.