Digitalization of Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants: Towards Industry 5.0 is an indispensable resource for students and researchers dedicated to sustainable environmental practices and the future of wastewater management. The book delves into the transformative potential of Industry 5.0 for biological wastewater treatment plants, building on the advancements of Industry 4.0. The chapters cover a wide range of cutting-edge topics, including the integration of smart machines with human expertise, the application of machine learning and deep learning for sustainable development, and the use of explainable AI and reinforcement learning. The editors explore the incorporation of the Internet of Things (IoT) and digital twins, the challenges and opportunities of blockchain technologies, and the ethical considerations of adopting these innovations. The inclusion of methods and case studies highlight real-world applications, offering valuable insights into the digital transformation of wastewater treatment systems, particularly in developing countries. This comprehensive guide is essential for enhancing operational efficiency, boosting productivity, and achieving sustainability goals in the wastewater management sector.