Globalization generates a large amount of waste that significantly affects storage areas and the surrounding environment. At the same time, in the civil engineering section of producing cement, the CO2 emissions made this problem very important. Therefore, the need for green materials with lower exploitation costs and natural resource consumption became primary. Alternative binder systems, such as alkali-activated materials, including geopolymers as a subclass, have demonstrated significant potential in recent years as a more sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete. This book joins the activities and knowledge of researchers from multiple fields to present a comprehensive overview of the advances in the synthesis and characterization of geopolymers, including developed mix design, the performance of natural fiber reinforcement and foaming materials, and cases of civil and environmental engineering application.