The cognitive behaviour of an insect brain refers to its capacity to process sensory information, make decisions and exhibit complex behaviours. Despite their small size and relatively simple neural structure, insect brains are capable of sophisticated cognitive tasks. They can learn and remember information, navigate complex environments using spatial memory and exhibit adaptive behaviours in response to changing conditions. These behaviours are assisted by neural circuits within the insect brain that integrate sensory inputs, process information and generate appropriate motor responses. Understanding the cognitive capabilities of insect brains provides insights into the evolution of intelligence and the neural basis of behaviour across different species, contributing to fields like neuroscience and artificial intelligence research. This book unfolds the innovative aspects of the insect brain which will be crucial for the progress of this field in the future. It strives to provide a fair idea about this discipline and to help develop a better understanding of the latest advances within this field. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts in this field.