Operations Management and Management Science introduces the main concepts in this discipline. It also considers case studies from several industries, and the established and novel algorithms applied to solve them. Future applications and trends are discussed and future work to improve the solutions presented is suggested. Operations management may be defined as the efficient transformation of inputs to outputs according to the needs of customers and considering the limitations present in the process. It involves process optimization from design to future requirements, the management of materials and products, production, and other aspects such as maintenance and quality control. In this case, the products can be regarded as goods or services, while the inputs are human resources, financial support, information, material, energy, etc.