Although shaped primarily according to the economic and social structures of countries, basic health services aim to provide equal and accessible health services to everyone. While the public health discipline is involved in the planning and supervising of basic health services, the family medicine discipline is directly responsible for ensuring the implementation of these services. These disciplines must cooperate and coordinate to provide organized and effective basic health services. More importantly, health and social policies should be structured in accordance with the prioritized needs of countries. The basic health needs of countries are directly related to the economic and social structures of those countries. For this reason, it is not possible to talk about a globally structured basic health service that has definite boundaries and can be applied to every country. The main objective is to protect and improve health. Governments must create appropriate health policies. As in every field, basic health services are shaped according to the era and their scope changes. However, the basic principle in every age is to provide equal and free health care services to those in need. This book aims to inform the reader about the scope and applications of basic health services.