The book Adsorption - Fundamental Mechanisms and Applications presents recent efforts of different research groups in synthesising and investigating the properties of the obtained adsorbent systems. The main physicochemical principles governing the fundamental process of adsorption, which underlies many theoretical and practical phenomena in modern science and technology, are thoroughly discussed. The book covers the following theoretical aspects, including adsorption isotherms, adsorption mechanisms, and the kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption processes under various conditions. The book's chapters combine the description of theoretical foundations with novel applications in catalysis, environmental protection, and biomedicine. Focusing on both classical models and state-of-the-art materials, this book serves as a valuable resource for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of adsorption phenomena and their applications in various fields.