Advanced Thermoelectric Materials - Theory, Development, and Applications offers a comprehensive exploration of the science and technology behind thermoelectric materials, from fundamental principles to emerging applications. Designed for researchers, engineers, and graduate students, this volume provides a clear and accessible overview of key concepts, such as the Seebeck effect, thermoelectric coefficients, and the figure of merit (ZT), while also delving into advanced topics, including band structure engineering, phonon scattering mechanisms, and microstructural optimization. The book examines a wide range of thermoelectric materials, including bismuth telluride, lead telluride, ceramic compounds, and flexible organic systems, alongside state-of-the-art synthesis methods such as thin film deposition, nanostructuring, and doping strategies. Practical insights are offered into electrical and thermal conductivity measurement techniques, as well as real-world applications in waste heat recovery, automotive energy systems, space exploration, and wearable electronics. By uniting theoretical knowledge with current research trends and practical engineering approaches, this volume serves as a valuable reference for advancing the design and deployment of high-performance thermoelectric systems.