The book comprises two chapters. The first chapter gives definition of living, biodiversity, taxonomy, systematics, and species. The first chapter also gives types of biodiversity, three domains of life, taxonomical hierarchy, binomial nomenclature, role of botanical garden, importance of herbaria. The second chapter deals with the biodiversity patterns, importance of biodiversity, and loss of biodiversity. The second chapter also discusses biodiversity conservation, hotspots, endangered species, red data book, biosphere reserves, national park, sanctuaries, and ramsar sites.