This book is designed as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate students in engineering and physical sciences who want to get a general overview of surface science. It also provides a necessary background information for researchers just starting out in the field. The book covers all the most important aspects of modern surface science, from the experimental background and crystallographic basics to modern analytical techniques and applications to thin films and nanostructures. All topics are presented in a concise and clear form intended for a beginner. At the same time, the coverage is comprehensive and at a high technical level, with emphasis on the fundamental physical principles. Numerous examples, references, practice exercises, and problems complement this remarkably complete graduate or advanced undergraduate text, which also serves as an excellent reference for researchers and practitioners.