Patients with osteoarthritis tend to alter the spatial and temporal parameters while walking to reduce pain. There are walking characteristics significantly associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. The total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is considered the standard treatment for final stage osteoarthritis of the knee. However, reduction of knee function appears only partially corrected by the surgery. The aim of this work was to study in vivo 3D kinematics of the knee during walking in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and to quantify the contribution of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on the restoration of normal kinematics.