Cancer is perhaps the greatest medical challenge of the 21st century-and at the same time a field of groundbreaking innovation. Just a few decades ago, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy dominated the field of oncology. Today, the landscape has changed radically: immunotherapies, molecularly targeted drugs, digital diagnostics, and gene and cell therapies are opening up new horizons. This book traces the current transformation of cancer medicine in all its facets. It explains the molecular basis of tumor development, presents the diagnostic and therapeutic breakthroughs of recent years, and highlights advances in individual types of cancer - from melanoma to lung and breast cancer to hematological neoplasms. It also focuses on classic therapies, which have regained importance thanks to new precision. But the book looks beyond the biomedical dimension. The social, economic, and ethical questions associated with the new possibilities are dealt with in depth, as are the philosophical implications: What does it mean when cancer becomes increasingly controllable? Where are the limits of progress? And how can innovations be integrated into healthcare in a fair and sustainable manner? And who will benefit from the increasingly expensive therapies? Bremen University Press has published over 5,000 specialist books in various languages since 2005.