The always-evolving field of pediatric spine surgery has seen tremendous advancements in recent years. Improvements in surgical planning, techniques, implants, and peri-operative pathways have greatly benefited our patients and their families. Nevertheless, there are still many questions to be answered and there is room for improvement. Modern technologies, including vertebral body tethering (VBT), patient-specific strategy, self-growing rods, minimally invasive robotic assistance, and surgical navigation, are active areas of investigation. Similarly, enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols as well as newer strategies for peri-operative management are promising tools to hasten recovery after surgery. This Special Issue focuses on idiopathic and neuromuscular scoliosis surgery with a special interest in new technologies, new surgical techniques, and peri-operative management protocols.