Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) provide unprecedented opportunities for the development of novel biosensors due to their decisive advantages, such as their large surface area, high porosity, tunable structures, and flexibility regarding tailored properties. Sensitive elements could be coupled to MOFs in situ through the addition of bioactive molecules during the MOF synthesis process. In addition, their tunable size, large surface area, and channels of various sizes make MOFs ideal platforms for constructing hybrid composite materials that are suitable for use as sensitive elements in chemical and biosensing applications. The applications of MOFs in chemicals and biosensors have attracted increasing attention, which has led to the development of novel structures and features in MOF-based chemicals and biosensors, such as higher stability, higher sensitivity, higher flexibility, and higher specificity. The following Special Issue will provide a forum for the latest research efforts in the field of MOF-based chemicals and biosensors, with emphasis placed on the corresponding synthesis and modification of MOFs and their applications.