This volume of the "Wiener Jahrbuch fur Theologie" of the Protestant Theological Faculty of the University of Vienna is dedicated to the topic of "War and Peace". It is based on a panel discussion on the same topic that took place at the faculty in 2023. The topic was triggered by the large-scale war of aggression by Russia against Ukraine that began on February 24, 2022, and unfortunately continues unabated to this day. Meanwhile, the Gaza war has been added, which threatens to spread to the entire Middle East. Thus, the topic of the panel discussion is not only still relevant today, but has become even more urgent. The contributors in this volume examine the topic of "War and Peace" from a biblical, church historical, systematic theological and religious education perspective. In addition, the volume contains contributions from current research projects by members of the Protestant Theological Faculty.