This book emphasized on exploring avenues for examining effective solutions to treat pharmaceutical model compounds and simulated effluents. The detailed information is focused on the degradation of pharmaceutical model compounds such as Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Ofloxacin and Atenolol by heterogeneous photocatalysis using various metal doped photocatalyst and its efficacy was compared with Degussa P25 under optimized conditions. Possibility of employing Graphene oxide based composites with TiO2 as well as ZnO, by hydrothermal method and their important characteristics also mentioned. Further, significance of four factor three levels Box-Benkhen design to define the photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical compound in an aqueous media under slurry mode using photocatalyst is detailed up. Further, immobilization of photocatalyst and optimization of process parameters using BBD technique is specified. Also, Exposure of Simulated effluent to independent photocatalytic, biological and thereafter, integrated photocatalytic-biological sequential treatment scheme to access its degradation efficacy in terms of BOD/COD is illustrated.