Periodontal diseases are among the most common infectious diseases of human beings. An observational, descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out on patients who were treated at the Stomatology Clinic of the Santiago de Cuba Penitentiary Center, with the aim of characterizing their clinical, periodontal and epidemiological status from September 2017 to April 2018.The population consisted of the 244 inmates of Detachment 14 who were in the prison during the period under study. A sample of 61 inmates, 25% of whom were selected by means of a simple random sampling, showed that periodontal disease was mostly found in patients with low levels of education, 57.4% of whom were in secondary schools, with risk factors predominating: Dental caries (60.7%), lost teeth not restored (57.4%) and smoking (49.2%), as well as some related diseases such as diabetes mellitus (9.8%) and rheumatoid arthritis (6.6%). In conclusion, there was a high frequency of patients with periodontal disease.