This book traces the history of X-ray crystallography and the discovery of molecular structures. It explores the challenges faced by scientists, from Max von Laue's first observations to the work of the Braggs, and how crystallography helped to resolve the structures of biomolecules such as vitamin B12 and insulin. It highlights the contributions of researchers like Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin and the evolution of analytical tools, from hand calculations to modern software. The book highlights the perseverance of researchers in the face of technical and human challenges.