The development and rapid commercialization of CBCT technology dedicated for use in the maxillofacial region are undoubtedly increasing general and specialist practitioner's access to this modality. CBCT is capable of providing accurate, submillimeter-resolution images in formats allowing 3D visualization of the complexity of the maxillofacial region. Its major application in children has been in relation to orthodontics. Though, with the development of newer software, it might become possible to diagnose caries, determine the outcome of treatment and provide real-time imaging in surgical cases.CBCT certainly has a place in pediatric dentistry, but there still is a need for its use to be justified on a patient case individual basis, where its benefits must clearly outweigh the potential risks. This dissertation attempts to elucidate Cone Beam Computed Tomography and its implications in pediatric dentistry.