Fundamentals of horticulture practical manual cover essential horticultural techniques. It begins with plant propagation methods like seed sowing, cuttings, layering, and budding, emphasizing their applications and optimal conditions. Soil science fundamentals, including composition, pH, and nutrient management, are addressed through practical demonstrations of soil testing and amendment. Irrigation systems, from drip to sprinkler, are explored for efficient water use. Fruit identification and nomenclature and Garden tools identification. Pruning, training, and grafting techniques are explained for plant health and yield optimization. The manual also includes practical aspects of harvesting, post-harvest handling, and storage for various horticultural crops, ensuring quality and longevity. Specific crop categories (fruits, vegetables, ornamentals) and their unique requirements are often explored. Each section features hands-on exercises and observations to solidify theoretical knowledge, making it an invaluable guide for students and practitioners.