This present work is mainly interested in the science and technologies behind green hydrogen production, exploring the electrolysis process and the advances in electrolyser technology that are improving its efficiency and scalability. The study illustrates the challenges related to hydrogen production, including its high cost compared to conventional energy sources, and the technical, economic, and infrastructural hurdles involved in large-scale production and distribution. It is noticed that in-spite of all the described challenges, green hydrogen has the greatest chance to significantly contribute to national and global decarbonization strategies, supported by government policies, international agreements, and increasing market investment. Also, the presented work in present investigates the environmental and economic impacts of green hydrogen, analyzing its lifecycle, sustainability benefits, and potential for job creation, infrastructure development, and market expansion.