Nanotechnology offers a diverse array of applications in both medicine and dentistry, spanning from early disease diagnosis to targeted therapies and tissue regeneration. In medicine, programmable nanoparticles can deliver drugs directly to cancer cells, enhancing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects, and molecular "nanoprobes" enable highresolution imaging of cellular and subcellular structures. In dentistry, nanoscale coatings on titanium implants improve osseointegration and prosthetic stability, while antibacterial nanoformulations-such as antibioticloaded nanogels-help control periodontal infections and inhibit biofilm formation. Additionally, electrospun nanofiber scaffolds serve as threedimensional matrices for pulp and dentin regeneration, allowing controlled release of growth factors to accelerate wound healing. Nanosensors capable of detecting salivary biomarkers further permit noninvasive monitoring of both oral and systemic diseases. By integrating nanoscale materials with biomedical technologies, these innovations are transforming diagnostic precision, therapeutic outcomes, and regenerative strategies in healthcare and dental practice.