Cataracts, a major cause of serious visual impairment, have been treated since ancient times, beginning with rudimentary methods like couching. Surgical techniques evolved significantly over centuries. Non-surgical approaches to delay or prevent cataract formation have been increasingly a focus of research. The study in this book aims to summarize and critically evaluate the existing evidence on the efficacy and mechanisms of pirenoxine in the management of cataract and related ocular conditions. Pirenoxine exhibits multiple pharmacological actions that may delay cataractogenesis. While promising, its global clinical use is limited due to the lack of large-scale randomized controlled trials. While Pirenoxine (Catalin) eye drops offer a pharmacological approach to delaying cataract progression via local ocular mechanisms, growing evidence suggests that systemic antioxidant supplementation may offer synergistic benefits.