Tendinopathies of the foot and ankle are pathologies of hypersollicitation and represent a frequent reason for consultation. Calcaneal tendinopathy is the most common. It is most often confined to sportsmen and women. The most frequent functional sign is posterior talalgia. Diagnosis of calcaneal tendinopathy is essentially clinical. It is based on precise tendon tests. Imaging, particularly ultrasound, is often useful to rule out other musculoskeletal disorders. A thorough understanding of the anatomical basis, clinical signs and ultrasonographic aspects is essential for any practitioner, in order to be able to prescribe the right treatment.