The main theme of ""The Poor Gentleman"" by Hendrik Conscience revolves around the conflict between social class and human dignity. The novel tells the story of a nobleman who, despite falling into poverty, retains his honor and integrity. This contrast highlights the inherent value of character over material wealth, emphasizing that true nobility is defined by one's actions and moral choices rather than social status. Conscience critiques societal norms that prioritize wealth and social standing, showcasing the prejudices faced by the impoverished. As the protagonist navigates his challenging circumstances, he encounters both compassion and disdain from those around him, revealing the complexities of human nature. The story underscores the importance of empathy and understanding across class divides, advocating for a more compassionate society. Through the struggles of the poor gentleman, Conscience ultimately champions the resilience of the human spirit and the idea that dignity and worth are not determined by economic conditions but by one's character and values.