This book covers the syllabi offered by various Indian state agricultural and traditional universities at under and post graduate levels. It also covers the syllabi of JRF, SRF, ARS, NET and departmental competitive examinations in the concise manner. It includes several additional important topics like extensive history of plant breeding and developments; modes of reproduction and pollination; self-incompatibility and male sterility; domestication and PGR management; breeding methods for self, cross and asexually propagated crops; biometrics in plant breeding; wide hybridization; mutagenesis in plant breeding; heterosis and inbreeding depression; ideotype breeding; polyploidy and crop improvement; breeding for resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses; plant breeders, farmers rights and privileges; PPV & FR act 2001; participatory plant breeding; modern plant breeding strategies and other important breeding concepts.