The present book covers the latest development in the field of crop improvement which includes Use of crop wild relatives/Underutilized Plants, Diversification of Agriculture, Biofortification, Organic farming using Vermicompost, Peri-urban farming, Integrated pest management, Post harvest management, Value addition, 'Omic approaches for improving crop production, Energy Sustainability, Advancement in bio-nanotechnology with Computational and Statistical tools, which address critical issue for agricultural sustainability for the benefit of researchers, policy makers and government agencies. An important strategy to overcome the challenges in providing food for the world population in a sustainable manner is through concerted efforts by crop scientists to embrace new technologies in increasing yield, quality and improving food safety while minimizing adverse environmental impact of the agricultural activities Thirty noted researchers currently working in crop improvement and related fields bring together the best thinking about achieving crop improvement-especially the development of new genetic combinations; to create a sustainable agriculture.