This book highlights the advancement of 2D materials and their composites for electrochemical water splitting. It explores fundamental aspects such as the structure, synthesis, and chemical diversity of various 2D materials (TMDCs, TMTCs, MXenes, Borophenes, MBenes, Graphene and Graphdiyne) with a viewpoint for water splitting. The book also covers designing strategies to integrate an electrocatalyst for both HER and OER. The book also presents detailed computational insights into electrochemical water splitting. The current state of 2D material-based water splitting technologies, as well as the challenges faced while scaling them up, is addressed. The book also provides a comprehensive look at the integration of 2D materials into water-splitting devices. Additionally, the book offers a broad overview of 2D materials for electrochemical water splitting from a global perspective. This book will serve as a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, research scholars, and graduate students specializing in electrochemical water splitting.