Microfluidic cooling technology represents a cutting-edge approach to thermal management, leveraging the principles of microfluidics-the manipulation of fluids at the microscale-to effectively dissipate heat in high-performance electronic devices and other applications. This technology has emerged as a vital solution in response to the growing demands for efficient, compact, and reliable cooling systems in various fields, particularly as electronic components become increasingly powerful and densely packed.

The journey of microfluidic cooling began with the advent of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) in the late 20th century. As electronic devices became smaller and more powerful, traditional cooling methods, such as air and liquid cooling, began to reach their physical and practical limits. This limitation necessitated the exploration of alternative cooling strategies, leading to the development of microfluidic cooling systems. These systems utilize networks of microchannels through which a coolant is circulated, enabling localized and efficient heat removal directly at the source of heat generation.