This book delves into the historical evolution of pediatric nephrology, tracing back to the 15th century, highlighting key figures who contributed to its understanding and management. It then transitions into the contemporary era, where bibliometrics, particularly the H-index via Google Scholar, are utilized to identify academic leaders in clinical pediatric nephrology, focusing on developing countries. The study showcased notable figures from various countries, underscoring the global distribution of academic prowess in this specialized field. While some nations boasted significant academic impact, others displayed lower H-indices or lacked profiles altogether, emphasizing the necessity for further development and recognition in pediatric nephrology globally. The study in this book underscores the historical evolution of pediatric nephrology and the contemporary utilization of bibliometrics to identify academic leaders in the field. The findings highlight both achievements and gaps in academic leadership across different countries, emphasizing the need for continued efforts to enhance the understanding and management of childhood renal disorders worldwide.