Vitae Parallelae (???? ??????????), or "Parallel Lives", is a series of biographies of famous men, arranged in tandem to illuminate their common virtues and vices. Written by Plutarch in the first century AD, it is one of the most important works of classical literature. Plutarch's biographies compare a Greek figure to a Roman figure, such as Theseus and Romulus, Alexander the Great and Julius Caesar, Demosthenes and Cicero, offering insights into character, leadership, and the rise and fall of civilizations. These comparisons provide a unique lens through which to view ancient history and philosophy. Plutarch's enduring work continues to offer valuable lessons about human nature and the forces that shape history.

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