Designed to complement existing books on materials science theory, metallurgy, and electron microscopy, this resource focuses on the microstructure of metals and alloys. It details the steps involved in the microstructure development of metallic materials under external influences. The volume contains a collection of carefully selected original transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs. These images demonstrate typical crystal lattice defects, microstructure elements, and the basic processes occurring within the crystal structure during plastic deformation, polygonization, recrystallization, and rapid solidification.